Vietnam firmly committed to multilateralism, international solidarity

Ambassador Dang Hoang Giang, Permanent Representative of Vietnam to the United Nations (UN), affirmed Vietnam’s strong support for multilateralism and its continued efforts to make meaningful and substantive contributions to consolidating global and regional multilateral institutions.

24 February 2025 

New York (VNA) - Vietnam calls on the international community to reaffirm and strengthen its commitment to multilateralism, Ambassador Dang Hoang Giang, Permanent Representative of Vietnam to the United Nations (UN) has said.

Addressing the UN Security Council’s ministerial-level open debate on “Practicing Multilateralism, Reforming and Improving Global Governance” in New York on February 20, Giang expressed concern over the growing trend of unilateral actions in international relations, which undermine the multilateral system that has served as the foundation for maintaining international peace and security for the past eight decades.

Upholding international law and strictly adhering to the fundamental principles of the UN Charter, particularly the prohibition of the threat or use of force and the peaceful resolution of disputes, are essential prerequisites for ensuring peace, stability, sustainable development, and the enjoyment of human rights, he said.

Giang stressed the need for bold reforms of multilateral institutions to enhance the voice and participation of developing countries, ensuring the representativeness and democratic nature of these institutions.

He affirmed Vietnam’s strong support for multilateralism and its continued efforts to make meaningful and substantive contributions to consolidating global and regional multilateral institutions, particularly the UN and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

These efforts deeply reflect Vietnam’s commitment to international solidarity and cooperation, serving the interests of the Vietnamese people while contributing to a more peaceful, prosperous, and just world for all.

In his remarks, UN Secretary-General António Guterres noted the importance and urgency of advancing multilateral solutions to today’s global challenges, including climate change, inequality, and security threats such as nuclear conflict and terrorism.

Most delegates highlighted international law and the UN Charter as a solid foundation for maintaining international peace and security and for building a strong multilateral system capable of effectively addressing global challenges.

Vietnam News Agency

Opinion

To build equal, orderly multipolar world

By Liu Lingling

24 February 2025

At the recently concluded 61st Munich Security Conference (MSC), multipolarity became the focus of discussion. 

Is today's world truly moving toward a multipolar order? Will multipolarity lead to greater disorder and governance failures in the international system? How can the world ensure a healthy and stable transition to multipolarity? 

The three critical questions shape the global discourse on international stability, peace, and development.

I. A multipolar world is both a historical inevitability and a reality.

The Munich Security Report 2025, themed "Multipolarization," explicitly states that the world already lives in a multipolar order. This assessment aligns with the prevailing consensus in the international community.

In international relations, "pole" refers to key influential political and economic forces in the global system. At its core, multipolarity means that global power and governance are consulted and contributed by all parties for shared benefit.

Since the Cold War ended in the early 1990s, the world accelerated toward multipolarity. All countries and regions have sought a greater role in international affairs independently and autonomously.

Today, multipolarity is a direct reflection of the changing global power dynamics. According to the International Monetary Fund, the GDP of emerging markets and developing economies accounted for 58.9 percent of the global economy in 2023. The Munich Security Report 2025 highlights that BRICS nations contribute to approximately 40 percent of global trade, as well as crude oil production and exports. 

This is not just about economic development—it is a basis for structural change in global order.

The MSC, traditionally dominated by Europe and the United States, saw 30 percent of its speakers this year representing the Global South, a testament to the world's multipolar trajectory. Countries in the Global South are asserting greater independence in global affairs. They have actively promoted greater democracy in international relations through platforms such as BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, injecting vital momentum into the world multipolarization process.

The report notes that multipolarity is not just about the redistribution of material power—it is fostering greater ideological diversity. The once-dominant "end of history" narrative has been thoroughly debunked. Developing nations have grown more self-assured in exploring the path to development independently. Together, the Global South is advocating for equal exchanges, inclusion and mutual learning among civilizations.

While multipolarity is the direction of historical development, its progress will not be overnight. Skepticism and resistance persist, with some still clinging to outdated notions of unipolar or bipolar structures at the conference. Still and all, from a long-term historical perspective, multipolarization will inevitably continue to gain strength through tortuous development.

II.  In today's complex global landscape, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise, posing risks of a return to the law of the jungle. Some argue that multipolarization inherently leads to fragmentation, chaos, and conflict.

However, blaming global instability on multipolarity is a classic misdiagnosis of cause and effect. Multipolarity is not the source of today's global challenges. On the contrary, it is the resistance to multipolarity—the reluctance of certain countries to abandon unilateralist tendencies—that has fueled disorder.

Policies such as "decoupling and breaking chains" and "small yard, high fence" disrupt global economic cooperation. Unilateral withdrawals from multilateral agreements and coercive policies undermine international collaboration. These actions stem from an attachment to unipolar hegemony and zero-sum thinking, and a reluctance to embrace the evolving multipolar order.

The claim that multipolarity leads to chaos reflects an anxiety about power redistribution. Some nations that once dominated the global order are struggling to adjust to the rapid development of multipolarization. They romanticize the past, painting a picture of an idealized global order under hegemonic stability, or insisting on restoring so-called "liberal order" dominance. These arguments ignore the systemic inequalities and historical trauma faced by the Global South.

The report provides valuable insights: for people in the countries of the Global South, "the past was not as good as we (in the West) tend to think, and the future is not as bad as we fear." When surveyed on the future of a multipolar world, BRICS respondents expressed significantly greater optimism than those from the G7 nations.

A multipolar world better reflects the international community's aspirations for justice, fairness, and win-win cooperation. It aligns more closely with the realistic need for peace and development, and is more conducive to the reform of the global governance system.

Increasing representation for developing nations in global governance does not signify the "decline of the West." Rather, it fosters a more balanced and cooperative international system. 

As UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres once noted, multipolarity promises to be "a way to fix multilateralism."

III.  To prevent disorder and conflict during the transitional period in the international order, the key lies in fostering an equal and orderly multipolar world. 

The international community should make concerted efforts to uphold equal treatment and win-win cooperation, adherence to international rule of law and true multilateralism, ensuring that all nations contribute constructive forces to global stability and progress.

To build an equal and orderly multipolar world, rules must be followed. The UN Charter remains the fundamental guideline for managing international relations, and the cornerstone for building a multipolar world. 

Josep Borrell, former High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy of the European Union, stated that "when the number of participants in a game increases, the natural response should be to strengthen the rules governing the game." 

German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier cautioned at the MSC that the lack of rules must not define the reorganization of the world. 

These insights underscore a common view that multipolarization must not descend into a power struggle where "might makes right." Great powers must lead by example, uphold credibility and law, and reject double standards. Only when power diffusion is accompanied by shared responsibility can a civilized order replace power struggles.

To build an equal and orderly multipolar world, views on cooperation must be updated with the times.

One prominent concern about multipolarity is that it may lead to an inadequate supply of global public goods. To prevent this, nations must strike a balance between national and collective interests, and embrace the correct cooperative mindset.

Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva noted it is impossible to "de-globalize." In other words, in an era of shared destinies, no country can thrive in isolation. The only path forward is one of collaboration, mutual benefit, and a positive-sum relationship. 

By upholding true multilateralism, promoting consultation and contribution for shared benefit, and advancing a universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, all parties can strengthen their ability to tackle challenges and pursue development with solid steps.

The international community should seize this historic moment to shape an equal and orderly multipolar world. By prioritizing wisdom over fear, cooperation over confrontation, and rules over disorder, the world will move toward a brighter, more inclusive future.

 
 Liu Lingling is a commenter on international affairs, People's Daily

China's new push for rural reform, revitalization

* China unveiled a comprehensive policy blueprint for rural development on Sunday, charting a detailed roadmap to build up the country's agricultural strength and emphasizing grain security, agricultural innovation and deepened reforms.
* The "No. 1 central document" for 2025, the first policy statement released by China's central authorities this year, called for enhanced efforts in the work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers in 2025 and beyond, with a target of advancing all-around rural revitalization and further consolidating the country's agricultural foundation.
* A recently issued plan on all-around rural revitalization for the 2024-2027 period has set a series of clear targets. By 2027, the government aims to achieve substantial progress in the modernization of rural areas, and by 2035, decisive progress will be made in the all-around revitalization of rural areas, with agricultural modernization essentially realized and rural areas equipped with the basic conditions for modern living.

BEIJING, 24 February 2025 (Xinhua) -- China unveiled a comprehensive policy blueprint for rural development on Sunday, charting a detailed roadmap to build up the country's agricultural strength and emphasizing grain security, agricultural innovation and deepened reforms. 

The "No. 1 central document" for 2025, the first policy statement released by China's central authorities this year, called for enhanced efforts in the work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers in 2025 and beyond, with a target of advancing all-around rural revitalization and further consolidating the country's agricultural foundation.

Guest speakers on the latest episode of China Economic Roundtable, an all-media talk show hosted by Xinhua News Agency, shared their insights on the document and on key short-term and long-term policies.

RURAL REVITALIZATION: REFORMS SPARK LOCAL DYNAMISM

With a clear focus on deepening rural reform throughout the text, this year's "No. 1 central document" emphasizes advancing all-around rural revitalization.

Continuous efforts should be made to enhance China's capacity to ensure the supply of important agricultural products such as grain, and to consolidate and expand the country's achievements in poverty alleviation, said Wang Jinchen, deputy director of the Development Planning Department at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA).

"These efforts are intended to enhance agricultural efficiency, invigorate rural areas and boost farming incomes," he said, noting that China is also focusing on strengthening industries that increase wealth in rural areas, advance rural infrastructure, improve the rural governance system, and refine the mechanisms that guarantee and optimize resource allocation.

The official noted that promoting the rural economy will involve strengthening agricultural product processing industries, encouraging new rural industries, and supporting the emergence of industry leaders that can drive innovation and growth. "Over recent years, rural areas have seen new business models blossom, with local brands and industries thriving and contributing to both community development and wealth generation," he said.

The once-remote Lizu Village, located in Yiwu City of east China's Zhejiang Province, is now thriving as a hub for young entrepreneurs. With improved infrastructure and a focus on cultural tourism, the village has attracted young people who bring fresh ideas and creativity. Events such as music festivals and photography contests have resulted in 71 startup projects and an annual tourism revenue of 4.6 million yuan (about 641,651 U.S. dollars), with average annual earnings per village resident surging to 66,000 yuan.

"Young people and rural areas need each other. They bring vitality; we offer possibilities," said Jin Jing, who is in charge of the village's business operations and often dubbed the CEO of Lizu. She has led a team leveraging local culture to build a brand around local pear products and cultural tourism.

"The value enhancement of local specialties in rural areas should not be limited to agricultural product processing, but should extend to cultural tourism, education, and recreational scenarios, creating an integrated ecosystem," she said. In the rural industry in Zhejiang alone, this thinking has attracted over 80,000 young entrepreneurs, over half of whom were born after 1990.

Reform remains a critical driver of rural revitalization, said Jin Wencheng, director of MARA's Research Center for the Rural Economy. The next step of reform will involve refining rural land policies and expanding the scope of urbanization to ensure more sustainable development, he said. He also emphasized that reforms aimed at empowering local farmers and expanding infrastructure will continue to be a focal point.

A recently issued plan on all-around rural revitalization for the 2024-2027 period has set a series of clear targets. By 2027, the government aims to achieve substantial progress in the modernization of rural areas, and by 2035, decisive progress will be made in the all-around revitalization of rural areas, with agricultural modernization essentially realized and rural areas equipped with the basic conditions for modern living.

Wang further noted that reforms will focus on "what farmers feel and need," including eco-friendly farming and improved public services. "We aim to promote a more solid agricultural foundation and a more prosperous countryside, with better living standards for farmers," he said.

GUARDING THE GRAIN BASKET: FORTIFYING FOOD SECURITY

With reform and opening-up, as well as scientific and technological innovation as the driving force, the country will safeguard the grain security and ensure that no large-scale lapsing or relapsing into poverty occurs, said the document released on Sunday.

Despite challenges posed by severe natural disasters, China achieved a historic grain production milestone in 2024, with grain output surpassing 700 million tonnes for the first time.

"Our task is to keep the rice bowl firmly in our own hands," Wang said, explaining that the government aims to stabilize the grain production area, enhance yields and reduce losses through a series of targeted actions.

A key strategy in securing food safety is the expansion of high-standard farmlands, which are designed to be resistant to both drought and flooding, ensuring stable yields. Innovation in agricultural infrastructure forms the backbone of this strategy.

China had built over 1 billion mu (about 66.7 million hectares) of high-standard farmlands by the end of 2024, with irrigation networks spanning 10 million kilometers, a distance equivalent to circling the Earth's equator 250 times. These fields can increase grain output by 10 percent compared to ordinary farmlands, Jin said.

Increasing production and reducing waste are important to ensuring food security. Shandong Fushikang Industry and Trade Group, a wheat company in Feicheng City of east China's Shandong Province, has saved 120 tonnes of wheat annually while producing over 200 wheat-based products since upgrading its milling technology. Similarly, Shandong Zhonggu Starch Sugar Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Starlight Group, now utilizes 98 percent of each corn kernel, transforming kernels into high-value exports such as malt syrup and starch, which are used globally in food, pharmaceuticals and packaging.

Wang further emphasized that the government plans to accelerate the development of high-quality, efficient, precise harvesting machinery to minimize mechanical losses and strengthen disaster prevention efforts. "The goal is to enhance the overall efficiency of agricultural operations and ensure sustainable food production," he said.

NEW GROWTH ENGINE: CULTIVATING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY

The role of new quality productive forces in agriculture field was also emphasized in the "No. 1 central document" for 2025, which also called for the cultivation of leading high-tech agricultural enterprises and the acceleration of breakthroughs in crop varieties.

 A tourist poses for photos at a cafe in Meirong Village of Tonglu County, east China's Zhejiang Province, Dec. 3, 2024. (Xinhua/Lu Zhe)

"Agricultural modernization hinges on solving practical problems through innovation," Jin Wencheng said, adding that the agricultural application of advanced technologies such as 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data is transforming the industry. These technologies have led to improvements in crop yield, quality and efficiency.

In the central Chinese province of Henan, 5G and IoT technologies are revolutionizing chili farming in Xin'an County. At Henan Yimin Holding Co., a local chili pepper grower, real-time soil monitoring systems optimize irrigation and fertilization, slashing water use by 50 percent, fertilizer use by 30 percent, and labor costs by 70 percent in a shift to tech-driven farming that is expected to continue as China works toward more sustainable and efficient agricultural practices.

As seeds are considered the "chip" of agriculture, the "No. 1 central document" also underscored the importance of revitalizing the seed industry.

Ru Zhengang, professor at the Henan Institute of Science and Technology, said that technological innovation provides essential support for the development of the seed industry. "The pace at which wheat varieties are being bred in China is now faster and more precise, allowing consumers to experience a greater sense of fulfillment from wheat products," he said.

Ru noted that China's wheat breeding has seen significant improvements in yield levels, quality and special characteristics, aligning more closely with the people's needs. The average yield of wheat in China has doubled from the level 40 years ago, according to Ru. "Less land is used while more grain is produced, which can support a larger population," he said.

Researchers have developed functional starch varieties for people with high blood sugar levels, and high dietary fiber varieties for those with sensitive digestive systems, catering to the dietary needs of different populations.

"This represents an interaction between agricultural science and the public, as well as an interplay involving the seed industry, flour companies, scientists and grain producers," Ru said, emphasizing that this interaction ensures the coordinated advancement of supply and demand, enhancing agricultural productivity and efficacy.

China outlines key tasks to deepen rural reforms, advance rural revitalization

 Agricultural machines work in fields at a farm of Beidahuang Group in northeast China's Heilongjiang Province, Oct. 12, 2024. (Xinhua/Zhang Tao)

BEIJING, 24 February 2025 (Xinhua) -- China unveiled its "No. 1 central document" for 2025 on Sunday, outlining priorities to deepen rural reforms further and solid steps to advance all-around rural revitalization.

As the first policy statement released by China's central authorities each year, the document is seen as an indicator of policy priorities.

The document consists of six parts covering six areas: ensuring the supply of grain and other important agricultural products, consolidating the achievements of poverty elimination, developing local industries, advancing rural construction, improving the rural governance system, and optimizing the rural resource allocation system.

The document calls for enhanced efforts in work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers in 2025 and beyond, and sets the goals of advancing all-around rural revitalization and consolidating the country's agricultural foundations further.

With reform, opening-up, and scientific and technological innovation as driving forces, the country will safeguard its grain security and ensure that no large-scale lapse or relapse into poverty occurs, the document says.

The country will make every effort to enhance agricultural efficiency, invigorate rural areas and increase farming incomes, thereby laying a solid foundation for the advancement of Chinese modernization, the document stresses.

It emphasizes the importance of developing new quality productive forces in agriculture in light of local conditions. It also calls for the cultivation of leading high-tech agricultural enterprises, and the acceleration of breakthroughs in crop varieties.

China will support the development of smart agriculture and expand the application scenarios of technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and low-altitude systems, according to the document.

It outlines plans to expand cold-chain logistics and instant retail services to townships, and encourages regions with suitable conditions to establish public charging and battery-swap facilities for electric vehicles.

To promote the effective management and utilization of rural resources and assets, the document calls for the exploration of feasible ways to make good use of legally owned rural housing through methods such as leasing, equity participation and cooperation.

The document urges innovation efforts related to the financing mechanisms for rural revitalization. Steps will be taken to strengthen support from central budget investments, ultra-long special government bonds, and special local government bonds for major projects in agriculture and rural areas. Monetary policy tools will be utilized to encourage financial institutions to increase funding for rural revitalization.

Reforms related to forestry, state farms, and supply and marketing cooperatives will be advanced in a coordinated manner. The document stresses the importance of deepening the reform of the collective forest tenure, of enhancing comprehensive reforms of water pricing and water rights in the agricultural sector, of strengthening water usage management, and of promoting water-saving irrigation technologies.

Eligible cities are encouraged to include their agricultural migrant populations with stable employment into the scope of local urban housing security policies gradually, the document notes.

Opinion

AfDB presidential candidates under scrutiny

by Savious Kwinika

23 February 2025

JOHANNESBURG, (CAJ News) - The race for the presidency of the African Development Bank (AfDB) is intensifying amid growing concerns over the commitment of some candidates to the transparency of the election process.

As the May 29 poll approaches, five candidates have entered the race to succeed Akinwumi Adesina, the Nigerian national who has led the bank since 2015 and is serving his final five-year term. The candidates are Amadou Hott (Senegal), Samuel Maimbo (Zambia), Sidi Ould Tah (Mauritania), Abbas Mahamat Tolli (Chad), and Bajabulile Swazi Tshabalala (South Africa).

Ethical concerns have surfaced, particularly regarding Maimbo and Tah, who respectively still hold leadership positions at the World Bank and the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (BADEA). Critics argue that they are leveraging institutional resources to fuel their campaigns. According to a source within BADEA, Tah appears to have started his campaign a year ago, strategically leveraging official BADEA visits to ingratiate himself with leaders through strategic investments by the Arab bank. His visits to Abidjan last September and to Lomé the following October to meet both Ivorian and Togolese presidents have secured him the support of both nations. At the World Bank, Maimbo still has an active employee status in internal systems and appears to be leveraging the bank's communications resources extensively for the highly mediatized campaign he has led so far. This situation raises concerns of a conflict of interest, as critics suggest they might be prioritizing personal ambition over institutional duty, potentially undermining the election's integrity. 

In contrast, Tshabalala, Hott, and Tolli have resigned from their positions to ensure transparency. Tshabalala stepped down after securing South Africa's backing, while Hott left to avoid any conflicts of interest, and Tolli resigned from his role at the Bank of Central African States (BEAC) in February 2024. While this demonstrates their commitment to fair play, it highlights the stark contrast with Maimbo and Tah, who remain in their roles despite growing criticism.

The candidates' qualifications for the role are also under intense scrutiny and should above all be at the center of the discourse. Tshabalala, the only female candidate, brings considerable experience in corporate finance and development. However, some critics note that she lacks direct experience in high value, multibillion dollar projects and has never been involved in large scale financial transactions or fundraising efforts. Additionally, the complex geopolitical issues between her country of South Africa and Israel could alienate key international partners, particularly the United States, further complicating her bid and potentially undermining the Bank if she wins the presidency.

Tolli's credentials, which include a Master's in Economics from Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne and a focus on public policy and administration, are seen as insufficient for managing the AfDB's financial operations. Maimbo holds a Ph.D. in Public Administration and an MBA and appears to have the appropriate academic qualifications. The concerns over Maimbo's candidacy are the roles he held at the World Bank, such as Chief of Staff or Budget and Performance Review Vice President, which many view as support positions rather than leadership positions.

Hott has a Bachelor of Science in Economics, a postgraduate degree in Financial Markets, Finance, and Banking Management, and a Master's in Applied Mathematics; a combination which could equip him with the technical expertise necessary to lead the bank. The fact that Hott has held top private and public positions in Senegal and at the AfDB strengthens his candidacy; however, questions arise regarding his apparent position as Adesina's successor. Historically, member states have consistently chosen to go with a clean slate and break away from previous administrations. Additionally, many believe that the next AfDB President should not come from West Africa, as Nigeria held the position for the last decade. This argument, although not an official voting consideration, could undermine Hott's campaign and potentially Tah's as well, who hails from Mauritania, which is also in West Africa although often considered an Arab Maghreb country.

Tah, who holds a Ph.D. in Economics, shows a strong academic and professional background, having served as both Minister of Economy and President of an economic development bank. Concerns, however, center on Tah's proximity to the Gulf. Skeptics wonder if he would prioritize Middle Eastern interests over African priorities. This complex position of cross-continental brokering could undermine his ability to effectively lead the AfDB, which requires a leader able to address Africa's financial and development needs unencumbered by foreign interests.

The AfDB plays a pivotal role in financing African governments and private companies, and its presidency is critical for shaping the region's financial future. The scrutiny surrounding these candidates underscores the importance of selecting a leader who possesses the right blend of technical expertise, political acumen, and commitment to institutional integrity.

Savious-Parker Kwinika is the Founder and Editor-In-Chief of Centre for African Journalists, (CAJ) News Africa, headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa and writes in his own capacity. His views do not reflect those of TDS

CGTN

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi meets Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov on the sidelines of the G20 Foreign Ministers' Meeting 

21 February 2025

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi discussed China-Russia relations with his Russian counterpart, Sergei Lavrov, Thursday on the sidelines of the G20 Foreign Ministers' Meeting in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Wang, also a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, said that the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era is advancing to a higher level and broader dimensions.

The two sides have made steady progress in mutually beneficial cooperation and engaged in close and effective strategic coordination, playing a crucial role in safeguarding the common interests of both countries and their peoples while advancing the process of global multipolarity, Wang said.

China is willing to work with Russia to fully implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state and further advance China-Russia relations in the new year, he added.

Lavrov, for his part, said that Russia is willing to work with China to strengthen high-level exchanges, deepen practical cooperation in economy, trade, finance, culture and other fields, and promote the further development of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination.

Noting that Russia and China both uphold multipolarity and serve as stabilizing forces in a complex and turbulent world, he said that Russia highly recognizes the global initiatives put forward by China, values the high level of mutual trust between the two countries, and is willing to continue to strengthen communication and coordination with China under the BRICS mechanism, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the United Nations, the G20 and other frameworks.
The two sides also exchanged views and coordinated positions on international and regional issues of mutual concern, including the situation in the Middle East.

Source: Xinhua News Agency

CGTN

Wang Yi urges G20 to be a force for global peace, stability

21 February 2025. 

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi on Thursday called on G20 countries to act as a force for world peace and stability. Wang, also a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, made the remarks in his speech at the G20 Foreign Ministers' Meeting held in Johannesburg, the largest city and economic hub of South Africa.

"As G20 foreign ministers gather here today, it is necessary to revisit the consensus reached at the Rio de Janeiro summit, work together as a force for world peace and stability, and build a safer world," he said, noting that China is ready to work with all parties towards that end.

"First, we should work together as guardians of world peace," said Wang. All countries should respect each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity as well as their independent choice of development path and social system, he stressed.

"We should resolve differences between countries peacefully through dialogue and negotiation, and resolve international and regional hotspot issues politically, without resorting to bloc confrontation or interfering in the internal affairs of other countries," he said, adding that the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, promulgated by China and other countries from the Global South 70 years ago, still wield enormous vitality under the current circumstances.

"Second, we should work together as creators of universal security," Wang said. Mankind is a community with a shared future and an indivisible security community. The security of one country should not be at the expense of the security of others, and the legitimate security concerns of all countries should be taken seriously, he underlined.

"Third, we should work together as defenders of multilateralism," Wang said. He noted that this year marks the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations and the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. The more complex the international situation and the more prominent global challenges become, the more important it is to uphold the authority of the UN and give full play to its role, he said.

When talking about the crisis in Ukraine, the Chinese foreign minister said the window for peace is opening, reiterating that China always stands for an early and peaceful resolution of the crisis and will continue to play a constructive role in its political settlement.

As for the Gaza conflict, Wang called for continuous and effective implementation of the ceasefire agreement and emphasized that the two-state solution is the only viable solution.

In conclusion, Wang highlighted that this year is the "African moment" of the G20, as the G20 summit will be held on the African continent for the first time since the African Union became a full member.

"We should listen to the voice of Africa, take into account its concerns, support its actions, and make efforts for peace and development on the continent," said Wang.

China firmly supports the African people in independently resolving African issues and opposes external interference in the internal affairs of African countries, he added.

Source: Xinhua News Agency

Call for global solidarity at G20 Foreign Ministers’ Meeting

20 February 2025

President Cyril Ramaphosa has urged global leaders to embrace inclusivity, cooperation and reform as South Africa steers the Presidency of the Group of 20 (G20) for the first time. Speaking at the opening of the G20 Foreign Ministers’ Meeting at Nasrec in Johannesburg, President Ramaphosa emphasised the significance of hosting the G20 Leaders’ Summit on African soil.

The Foreign Ministers Meeting, hosted by the Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, Ronald Lamola, takes place under South Africa's G20 Presidency theme of 'Solidarity, Equality and Sustainability'. 

“Africa is home to some of the world’s fastest-growing economies and faces unique challenges, such as the impact of climate change, development needs and the effects of global trade dynamics.

“The Summit's location underscores the need for African voices to be heard on critical global issues, like sustainable development, the digital economy and the shift toward green energy,” President Ramaphosa said.

The President said this was a great opportunity to promote greater collaboration between African nations and the rest of the world.

He highlighted pressing global challenges, including geopolitical tensions, climate change, economic inequality and food insecurity, warning that the world’s fragile coexistence was under threat. 

“These challenges are interconnected. They require responses that are inclusive and coordinated. Yet, there is a lack of consensus among major powers, including in the G20, on how to respond to these issues of global significance,” he said. 

He called for greater consensus among major powers within the G20 to address these issues.

The President also highlighted that there are just five years to 2030, the deadline for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

He said the international community committed to this ambitious agenda to end poverty and hunger, to protect the planet, to achieve gender equality, universal education and health coverage, and to promote decent work and sustainable economic growth.

“Our commitment to achieve these targets we must not waver. The nations of the world look to the G20 for leadership on the most pressing issues confronting our world.

“Just as cooperation supported the progress of early humans, our modern-day challenges can only be resolved through collaboration, partnership and solidarity,” he said. 

President Ramaphosa said this was why South Africa had placed solidarity, equality and sustainability at the centre of its G20 Presidency.

“We would like our G20 Presidency to be one in which all voices are heard and in which all views count. The G20 represents over two-thirds of the world’s population. 

“Its decisions and policies must reflect the needs and aspirations of all who form part of the G20 family,” he said. 

He also called on the G20 to seek to reflect the needs and aspirations of all people who call this planet home.

A call for UN and global financial system reforms

With the United Nations marking its 80th anniversary, President Ramaphosa reiterated South Africa’s call for reforming the UN Security Council, the multilateral trading system, and the international financial architecture to make them more representative and responsive to today’s realities.

“The UN must change accordingly. We continue to call for the UN Security Council, the multilateral trading system and the international financial architecture to be reformed to make them more representative, more agile and more responsive to today’s global realities.

“As the G20, it is critical that the principles of the UN Charter, multilateralism and international law remain at the centre of all our endeavors,” the President asserted.

President Ramaphosa also addressed ongoing global conflicts, including the wars in Ukraine, Sudan, the Sahel and Gaza. 

He welcomed the recent ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas, calling it a crucial first step toward lasting peace and urging diplomatic solutions to global conflicts.

“As the G20, we must continue to advocate for diplomatic solutions. Our own experience as South Africa is that the peaceful resolution of conflict through inclusive dialogue is the foremost guarantor of sustainable, lasting peace,” he said. 

Key priorities for South Africa’s G20 Presidency

Outlining South Africa’s vision for its G20 Presidency, President Ramaphosa identified four key priorities, which include strengthening disaster resilience and response, ensuring debt sustainability for low-income countries, mobilising climate finance for a just energy transition and harnessing critical minerals for sustainable development. 

He emphasised the need for international financial institutions and the private sector to scale up post-disaster recovery efforts, particularly in vulnerable nations.

With many developing economies burdened by high borrowing costs, he called on G20 leaders to renew efforts in addressing debt sustainability, especially in Africa.

On the third priority, President Ramaphosa urged developed nations to fulfil their obligations in supporting developing economies’ green energy transitions, in line with global climate agreements.

Turning to the last priority, the President proposed an inclusive G20 framework on green industrialisation and investment to promote value addition and beneficiation of critical minerals. 

SAnews.gov.za

Lavrov Arrives in South Africa for G20 Ministerial Meeting

JOHANNESBURG, 20 February 2025 (Sputnik) - Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov has arrived in South Africa’s Johannesburg to participate in the meeting of the Foreign Ministers of the G20, scheduled for February 20-21.

During his several speeches at plenary sessions, Lavrov will give a detailed analysis of the international situation with a focus on the root causes of the crisis events and outline concrete steps to overcome destructive phenomena. The minister will also reaffirm the course on preserving the central role of the UN in world affairs.

Lavrov is also expected to hold a number of bilateral meetings on the sidelines of the G20 ministerial meeting.

The presidency in the G20 passed to South Africa from Brazil on December 1 last year. South Africa will transfer it to the United States at the end of November. South Africa's presidency is held under the motto "Solidarity, Equality and Sustainable Development." The G20 summit will be held on November 22-23 in Johannesburg.

Sputnik

African Union Summit Adopts Bold Strategies for Clean and Sustainable Energy and Transport Pathways

20 February 2025

In a momentous week at the 38th African Union Summit, held from 12-16 February 2025, African leaders endorsed groundbreaking strategies aimed at advancing Africa’s integration, economic transformation, and climate resilience. The Summit was instrumental for the adoption of ambitious strategies in the Infrastructure and Energy sectors that will shape the continent's sustainable future.

The strategies, which had previously been approved by Transport and Energy ministers in December 2024, were centred around sustainable aviation fuels, green hydrogen, energy efficiency, and climate-smart infrastructure.

On Sunday, 16 February 2026, during a comprehensive briefing to local and international journalists, the African Union outgoing Commissioner for Infrastructure and Energy, H.E. Dr. Amani Abou Zeid underscored the pivotal achievements and strategic initiatives of the African Union in the realm of infrastructure, energy, and digitalization.

The Continental Strategy for Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) and Low Carbon Aviation Fuels (LCAF) adopted at the Summit supports Africa’s objectives to reduce carbon emissions in the aviation sector while supporting the growth of the African aviation sector.

Africa is projected to experience a 4% annual growth in air traffic from 2018 to 2050, the SAF strategy will facilitate the creation of a SAF industry, offering significant economic benefits and job creation. Studies estimate that the Sustainable Aviation Fuels industry could generate between 11 to 20 million jobs and have a production potential of 70 to 261 million tons of SAF.

The African Green Hydrogen Strategy was also adopted, marking a critical step toward leveraging green hydrogen as a clean energy source across the continent. The strategy aims to position Africa as a leader in the global green hydrogen economy, reducing dependency on traditional energy sources and promoting energy security. Green Hydrogen presents Africa with immense potential to foster sustainable development.

The African Green Hydrogen Strategy sets the stage for the continent to actively engage in the green hydrogen market, ensuring that African nations benefit from the financial and technical advancements in this area. Several African countries, including Namibia, Egypt, Kenya, Morocco, Mauritania, and South Africa, are already leading the way with initiatives and projects related to Green Hydrogen production.

Another key milestone for the African Union’s energy agenda, the African Energy Efficiency Strategy and Action Plan (AfEES) was also officially adopted at the summit. AfEES sets a high-level target of increasing Africa’s energy productivity by 50% by 2050 and 70% by 2063 aiming to enhance energy efficiency across sectors such as power, transport, industry, buildings, and agriculture.

In line with Africa’s commitment to sustainable development, the Continental Policy on Climate Resilient and Smart Infrastructure was also adopted. The framework encourages the use of nature-based solutions, low-carbon technologies, and smart planning to enhance resilience and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. African countries will now tailor these principles to meet their unique national needs while fostering inclusive and climate-smart infrastructure development.

The just concluded summit also saw the adoption of the revised Abuja Safety Targets (ASTs) to improve aviation safety across Africa. These updated targets, aimed at improving air navigation and aviation safety, align with global best practices and ensure that African nations meet the evolving standards of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Th will enhance the safety and efficiency of air transport systems across the continent supporting the growth of the aviation sector.

According to Commissioner Dr Abou-Zeid, the strategies adopted during the 38th African Union Summit represent a turning point for Africa's energy and infrastructure sectors. From Sustainable Aviation Fuels to Green Hydrogen and energy efficiency, each of these initiatives is pivotal in achieving our climate goals, energy security, and economic growth."

Dr. Abou-Zeid also highlighted the role of digitalization in driving Africa's climate-smart and resilient infrastructure development. She explained how digital technologies, such as smart grids and data-driven planning, will be leveraged to optimize energy use, enhance sustainability, and improve service delivery across the continent.  Digitalization is not just an enabler, but a fundamental aspect of our infrastructure transformation. By integrating smart technologies and ai into transport, energy, water, and ICT sectors, we can unlock new opportunities for innovation, efficiency, and inclusive development," she added.

With the adoption of these critical strategies, African leaders have paved the way for a harmonized and sustainable energy path across the continent. The strategies not only address climate change but also create the foundation for future economic growth, job creation, and regional cooperation.

African Union Commission